高考英语一轮提能训练：外研版必修4 Module1（附解析）7页

外研版高中英语试题外研版高考英语一轮复习提能训练必修4Module1　LifeintheFuture能力闯关Ⅰ.单词拼写1．OilisKuwait’smostimportantnaturalr________.2．WhenIgottotherailwaystation，theywerel________thetruckwithbananas.3．Theofficerc________hismentofire.4．Husbandandwifeshoulds________roleswitheachotheroccasionally.5．Wehaveseverala________tochoosefrom.6．Sheisnot________(乐观)abouttheresult.7．Noonebelievedher________(预测)thattheworldwouldendonNovember12th.8．Hefinishedhishomework________(终于)．9．It’s________(冒险的)tobuyacarwithoutanygoodadvice.10．Isthecar________(供给动力)byelectricityorbyoil?答案：1.resource　2.loading　3.commanded　4.switch　5.alternatives　6.optimistic　7.prediction8．eventually　9.risky　10.poweredⅡ.单项填空1．Iwas________theheavyluggage.A．loadingdownwithB．loadeddownwithC．loadingovertoD．loadedoverfor解析：句意：“我背上了沉重的包袱。”考查loadsb.downwithsth.使……负担……，故答案是B。答案：B2．Ifyouleavethisapplicationformandgotoanotherwebsite，youwilllose________youhavealreadyfilledoutonthisform.A．whateverB．nomatterwhatC．whicheverD．nomatterwhich解析：本题考查疑问代词在复合句中的选用。及物动词后缺少宾语，whatever引导宾语从句，相当于anythingthat。B项只能引导让步状语从句。答案：A3．It’s________cold________gointotheseayet.A．too；toB．so；toC．to；toD．inorder；to解析：句意：“天太冷了，还不能出海。”考查too...to...“太……以至于不能”，故答案是A。答案：A4．—DidyouwritetoPeterlastmonth?—No，butI________himthisJune.A．willbeseenB．willbeseeingC．willhavebeenseeingD．willhaveseen解析：句意：“上月你给Peter写信了吗？”“没有。但是今年六月我就要见到他。”考查时态，根据语境，答案是B。答案：B5．Thepolicearrivedand________commandofthesituation.A．tookB．chargedC．madeD．kept解析：句意：“警察来了，并且指挥这里的事情。”考查take/havecommandof...习语，“对……掌握”。答案：A 外研版高中英语试题6.You’dbetternotphonethemanagerbetween7and8tomorrowevening；he________animportantmeetingthen.A．wouldhaveB．willbehavingC．willhavehadD．willhave解析：此题考查时态。由“between7and8tomorrowevening”可以知道这里应该用将来进行时。答案：B7．—Themanagerisaway.—Who’staking________ofthecompany?A．chargeB．placeC．partD．position解析：takechargeof是“管理”的意思。选项B、C、D的介词搭配分别是：taketheplaceof(代替)；takepartin(参加)；takepositionas...(担任……)。答案：A8．—Iwillcometoattendyourlectureat10∶00tomorrow.—I’msorry，bythenmylecturewillhaveendedandI________myguestsinmyoffice.A．isbeingmetB．willmeetC．willbemeetingD．willhavemet解析：句意：“我明天十点将来参加报告会。”“对不起，到那时，我的报告就结束了，我将在办公室会见客人。”考查时态，根据语境，答案是C。答案：C9．Thenewmedicine________thespreadofthedisease.A．arrestedB．improvedC．keptD．supported解析：句意：“这种新药阻止了这种疾病的传播。”考查arrest即“阻止”。keep...from...是阻止，B、D不合语境。答案：AⅢ.翻译句子1．那个服务员将一张标签贴在他的行李上。(attach)________________________________________________________________________2．我们得把货物分装三车(船)。(load)________________________________________________________________________3．天气预报不足为信。(relyon)________________________________________________________________________4．确保你离开房间时关上灯。(makesurethat)________________________________________________________________________5．他们太年轻还不懂这些事情。(too...to)________________________________________________________________________答案：1.Thewaiterattachedalabeltohisluggage.2．Wehavetomakethreeloadsofthecargo.3．Youmaynotrelyontheweatherreport.4．Makesurethatyouturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.5．Theyaretooyoungtounderstandsuchthings.Ⅳ.阅读理解GuinnessWorldRecords，knownuntil2000asTheGuinnessBookofRecords(andinpreviousU．S.editionsasTheGuinnessBookofWorldRecords)，isareferencebookpublishedannually,andcontainsaninternationallyrecognizedcollectionofworldrecords—bothhumanachievementsandtheextremesofthenaturalworld.Thebookitselfholdsaworldrecord,asthebestsellingcopyrightedseriesofallthetime.However，severalworldrecordsthatwereonceincludedinthebookhavebeenremovedforethical(伦理的)reasons.Bypublishingworldrecordsincategories，thebookencouragespeopletotrytobeatthatrecord，andpaynoattentiontohealthandsafety.Forexample，followingpublicationofa“heaviestcat”record，manycatownersfedtheirpetsbeyondthebounds(范围)ofwhatwashealthy；thisisanexampleofoneoftheitemsthathasbeenremoved.In1991，thebookalsodroppedrecordswithinthe“eatinganddrinkingrecords”categoryofitsHumanAchievementssection,concerningthatpotentialcompetitorscouldharmthemselves.Thesechangesincludedthe 外研版高中英语试题removalofallliquor，wineandbeerdrinkingrecords，alongwithrecordsforeatingsuchunlikelythingsasbicyclesandtrees.Otherrecords，suchasswordswallowingandrallydriving(公路赛车)，wereclosedtofurtheritemsbecausethecurrentrecordholdershadperformedbeyondwhatwereconsideredacceptablelevelsofhumantolerance.Therehavebeenexamplesofclosedrecordsbeingreopened，however.Forexample.theswordswallowingrecordwaslistedasclosedinthe1990GuinnessBookofWorldRecords，buttheGuinnessworldRecordsPrimetimeTVshow，whichstartedin1998，acceptedthreeswordswallowingchallenges(asdidthe2007editionoftheGuinnessWorldRecords)．Chainlettersarealsoforbidden.Accordingtothebook’spublisher，“GuinnessWorldRecordsdoesnotacceptanyrecordsrelatedtochainletters，sentbypostoremail.Ifyoureceivealetteroranemail，whichmaypromisetopublishthenamesofallthosewhosendit，pleasedestroyordeleteit；itisatrick.”【语篇导读】《吉尼斯世界纪录》收录了世界上人类最高成就和自然界的极端事物和现象。可是过去收录的一些项目却引发了人们不健康的竞争，从而导致了影响人类和动物健康以及有伤伦理道德的事件发生，因此这些纪录已经或将被从书中删除。1．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．howmanykindsofrecordsGuinnessWorldRecordshasB．ethicalissuesandsafetyconcernsrelatedtoGuinnessWorldRecordsC．thehistoryofGuinnessWorldRecordsD．GuinnessWorldRecordsinoverview解析：主旨大意题。第二段一开始就提到了“《吉尼斯世界纪录》的一些涉及伦理问题的项目被取消了”，并谈到了涉及安全问题的一些项目也被取消了。可见选项B是文章的主要内容。答案：B2．whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Toputforwardthemainideaofthepassage.B．Totellreadersthatthenameofthebookhasbeenchanged.C．ToindicatethatGuinnessWorldRecordsisafamousbook.D．ToencouragepeopletoreadGuinnessWorldRecords.解析：段落大意题。第一段简要介绍了《吉尼斯世界纪录》这本书的主要特点(每年出版一本；内容包含人类的成就和自然界的极端事物)；但最后一句是总结性的语言：这本书本身就是一个世界纪录，是一本畅销书。它才是作者写本段的目的。答案：C3．GuinnessWorldRecordsdecidedtoremovesomerecordsbecauseofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT________.A．therecordsaretoodifficulttobreakB．therecordswereconsideredtoinvolveimmoralactionsC．someaspectsoftryingtobreakthemweredangerousD．someitemswereconsideredbeyondacceptablelevelsofhumantolerance.解析：细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知B项与文章内容相符；由第二段第二句中paynoattentiontohealthandsafety可知C项与文章内容相符；由第二段最后一句可知D项与文章内容相符；而A项文中没有提到。答案：A4．Fromwhatthepublishersaidweknow________.A．chainlettersmayconveyincorrectinformationB．emailsofreadersareofenrejectedbyhimC．chainlettersaresentbycompetitorsD．readingGuinessWorldRecordsishelpfultoyou解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中出版商的话可知“连锁信”(收信人需转给他人)传达的信息不正确，他们不会接受，并告诫收到这些邮件的人不要相信，因为那是骗局。答案：A 外研版高中英语试题5．Fromthispassagewecanlearnthat________.A．swordswallowingwillforeverbeclosedtofurthercompetitionitemsB．theitemaboutthefattestdogcanbefoundinthepresentbookC．theeditorsofGuinnessWorldRecordsdon’twantreaderstowritetothemD．therecordrelatedtorallydrivingcanstillbefoundinthebook解析：细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第一句可知，公路赛车的纪录在书中并没有被去掉，只是不再接受这样的新的纪录了，故D项正确。A项与第二段中suchasswordswallowing...wereclosedto...不符；B项与第二段中Forexample，followingpublishing...hasbeenremoved.不符；从文中不能推断出C项。答案：D阅卷现场(教师用书独具)问题三：词义猜测和细节理解类常见问题高考阅读理解中比重最大也是比较基础的题型就是词义猜测和细节理解题，这类题是考生争取的重点，它要求考生快速而准确地获取信息，从而拿到最基本的分数。考生最常见的问题就是见到生单词就头脑发蒙，无法从已知信息中找到有用的线索，从而造成失分。因为本节内容较重要，所以我用较多篇幅来讲解一下。例题剖析【例1】Westudiedtheboardcritically.Someofuslookedwithoneeyeandheldupcertaincolorsagainsttheblackboard，rockingthesheetstotherightorleftwhileweconjured_upourdesigns.Otherstwistedtheirhairaroundtheirfingersorchewedtheireraserswhiledeepinthought.Wehadplansforthattendollargrandprize，eachandeveryoneofus.I’mgoingtospendmineoncandies，onehopefulwouldannounce，whileanotherpracticedlookingserious，wiseandrich.(A)TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph3mostprobablymeans________.A．formedanideaforB．madeanoutlineforC．madesomespaceforD．chosesomecolorsfor【答案解析】选择A。词义猜测题。上下句是Some...Others...句子，whileweconjuredupourdesigns的对应部分是whiledeepinthought，可见conjuredup的意思是“思考，想象”，所以A项正确。【例2】Iknowwhatyou’rethinking:pizza(比萨饼)?Forbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight’sleftoversinthea．m.ifyouwantto.(A)Theword“leftovers”inParagraph1probablymeans________A．foodremainingafteramealB．thingsleftundoneC．mealsmadeofvegetablesD．pizzatoppedwithfruit【答案解析】选择A。词义猜测题。根据画线单词之前的lastnight’s可以猜测划线单词的意思应为“(前一天晚上的)剩饭”。【例3】Therewasnoshadeandourlegswereaching.Wedecidedtogoback,withthegirlonmybackandtheboysfarbehind.Bythetimewefinallygotback,our_legs_were_like_jelly.(A)Theunderlinedexpression“Ourlegswerelikejelly”probablymeans________.A．wewereweakB．wewereunhappyC．weweredissatisfiedD．weweredisappointed【答案解析】词义猜测题。根据Therewasnoshadeandourlegswereaching可知“我们很累很虚弱”，故A项正确。【例4】Iarrivedatmymother’shomeforourMondayfamilydinner.Thesmellsoffoodflewoverfromthekitchen.Motherwaspullingoutquilt(被子)afterquiltfromtheboxes,proudlyshowingmetheirbeauties.ShewasperparingforaquiltshowattheElmhurstChurch.Whenwebegantofoldandputthembackintotheboxes,Inoticedsomethingatthebottomofonbox..Ipulleditout.“Whatisthis？”Iasked.“Oh？”Momsaid,“That’sMama’squilt.”Ispreadthequilt.Itlookedatifagroupofschoolchildrenhadpiecedittogether:irrugular 外研版高中英语试题designs,childishpictures,acrookedlineontheright.(C)1.Whydidtheauthorgotomother’shome?A．Toseehermother’squiltsB．TohelpprepareforashowC．TogettogetherforthefamilydinnerD．Todiscusshergrandmother’slife(C)2.Theunderlinedword“crooked”inthepassagemostprobablymeans________.　A．unfinishedB．brokenC．bentD．unusual【答案解析】1．细节理解题。由文章的第一句可知作者回母亲家是为了参加家庭聚餐，故C项正确。2．词义猜测题。前面的情况都与一条好的quilt的特点相反，所以crooked的意思应该和其相反，故C项正确。【例5】Howdopeopleclimbthewall?Toclimb,youneedspecialshoesandharness(保护带)aroundyourchesttoholdyou.Thereareropestiedtoyourharness.Theropesholdyouinplacesothatyoudon’tfall.Abeginner’swallisusuallyabout15feethigh,andyouclimbstraightup.Therearesmallpiecesofmetalthatstickoutforyoutostandonandholdonto.Sometimesit’seasytoseethenewpieceofmetal.Sometimes,it’snot.Themostdifficultistocontrolyourfear.It’snormalforhumanstobeafraidoffalling,soit’sdifficultnottofeelfear.Butwhenyoumoveawayfromthewall,theharnessandtheropesholdyou,andyoubegintofeelsafe.Youmoveslowlyuntilyoureachthetop.Climbingattractspeoplebecauseit’sgoodexerciseforalmosteveryone.Youuseyourwholebody,especiallyyourarmsandlegs.Thissportgivesyourbodyacompleteworkout.Whenyouclimb,bothyourmindandyourbodycanbecomestronger.(B)1.Themostdifficultthingtodoinwallclimbingis________.A．totieropestoyourB．tocontrolyourfearC．tomoveawayfromthewallD．toclimbstraightup(B)2.Theword“workout”underlinedinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A．settlementB．exerciseC．excitementD．tiredness【答案解析】1．细节理解题。根据it’sdifficultnottofeelfear可知，人们在攀墙时很难控制自己的恐惧，故B项正确。2．词义猜测题。第二段第一句中exercise点明本词意义，这种运动给你身体完全的锻炼，所以B项正确。解决方案与指南阅读理解中词义猜测题和细节理解题出题知识分类总结如下：1．词义猜测题(1)常用提问方式1)Accordingtothepassage,probablymeans________2)Theauthorusesthewordtomean________3)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordreferto?4)Theword(phrase,clause，...)．..refersto(mostprobablemeans)．..________5)Whatdoestheword...inPara...standfor?6)Whatdoesthewritermeanwhenhesays，“...”？7)Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword...asitisusedinthetext?8)Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheword...?(2)解题方法猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。(1)利用定义 外研版高中英语试题如：Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.句子给予annealing以明确的定义，即“退火”。Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是“脆”的意思。Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.定语从句中looksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧人”。(2)结合同位如：Theytraveledalongway,atlastgottoacastle,alargebuildinginoldtimes.同位语部分alargebuildinginoldtimes给出了castle的确切词义，即“城堡”。Weareonthenightshift—frommidnightto8a．m.—thisweek.两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明nightshift是“夜班”的意思。(3)前后对比Sheisusuallypromptforallherclass,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.but一词表转折，因此but前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。(4)巧借构词(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)Perhaps,wecan,seesomepossibilitiesfornextfiftyyears.Butthenexthundred?possibility是possible的同根名词，据此可以判断possibility意思是“可能性”。5)联系因果Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测permanent的意思为“永远的，永久的”。2.细节理解题文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章地堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，从而得出答案。(1)常用提问方式①Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned/notmentioned?②Itiscommonlyacceptedthat...③AllthestatementsaretrueEXCEPT________.④Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.⑤Thereasonfor...,isthat...⑥Howwouldyoudescribetheendof...?⑦Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthefollowing.⑧Whichofthefollowingmapsshowstherightpositionof...?⑨Whichstatementistrue?⑩Whatdoesthewriterpayleastattentionto?(2)解题方法①平时训练应学会带着问题寻找答案的方法。②将注意力集中在与who,what,when,where问题有关的细节或数字方面。③略读材料，大概了解文章，注意作者表例证的词或短语，如forexample,forinstance,thatistosay,infact,etc.④按文章题材，预测到何处找自己需要的事实。⑤把主要精力放在寻找你所需要的细节，找到后，放慢速度、细读要查找的内容，特别注意表因果或转折的词或短语，如because,for,since,as,therefore,and,asaresult;but，however,while,though,yet,ontheotherhand,etc.直击高考与警示高考阅读理解文章的材料一般都出自英美国家阅读材料原文或作适当修改，体现原汁原味。而文章更加注重语言材料的真实性。 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