八年级英语下Unit 4 He said I was hard-working8页

Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 一 . [话题](Topic) Telling a story 二 . [重点词组](Key Phrases) first of all 　　 　　 首先 pass on 　　　　　　 传递 　　be supposed to 　 　　被期望或被要求... ... 　　do better in 　　　　　在......方面做得更好 　　be in good health 　　 身体健康 　　report card 　　　　　成绩单 　　get over　 　　　　　克服；恢复；原谅 　　open up 　　　　　　 打开 　　care for　 　　　　　 照料；照顾 　　have a party for sb.　 为某人举行一次聚会 　　be mad at sb 生某人的气 三 . [交际用语] 1. She said she was mad at Marcia. 2. Ben told Lana that Marcia was going to have a surprise party for her. 3. He told me he would call me tomorrow / the next day. 4. She said she could speak three languages. 5. He said he went to the beach every Saturday. 四. [重点难点释义](Language Points) 1.I asked her why she wanted to do that, and she said that she had forgotten to do hers.我问她为什么要那么做，她说她忘记做作业了。 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 (还没有做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 (已经做过了) e.g. When you leave the classroom, don’t forget to turn off the lights. 离开教室时，别忘记关灯。 I forgot meeting him before. 我不记得以前见过他了。 类似的还有： remember to do sth. 记得做某事 (还没有做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 (已经做过了) e.g. “Remember to finish your homework on time, Li Ming”, his mother said. 李明妈妈说，“记得按时完成作业。” I remember telling this story for several times. 我记得这个故事给你讲过好几次了。 2. I said I didn’t think it was a good idea for her to copy my homework. 我说，抄我的作业并不是什么好事。 注意的think 用法：如果think 引导的宾语从句，其从句表示否定意思时，不是否定从句，而是否定主句。 e.g. 翻译下列句子： 我认为给你父亲说这件事的时机还不成熟。 I don’t think it is the right time for you to tell your father about that. 我认为他不是一个好演员。 I don’t think he is a good actor. 我认为你说的并不正确。 I don’t think you are right. 3. Yesterday she told me she was sorry she’d gotten mad. 昨天她告诉我，她为自己当时生气而抱歉。 4. Nowadays, many students prefer using English names in a language classroom. 如今，许多学生喜欢在上语言课的时候用英文名字。 prefer的用法： prefer v. 更喜欢；宁愿 prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢…胜过… prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…而不喜欢… prefer to do rather than do 宁愿…而不愿… e.g. Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶？ He prefers talking to doing. 他喜欢说，却不喜欢做。 They prefer to die rather than surrender. 他们宁死不屈。 5. And for young people, having an English name is cool for them when they talk to their foreign pen pals. 而且对年轻人来说，有了英文名字，和笔友交谈时也很酷。 having an English name … 中having 是动词ing形式, 用来做主语。 e.g. Getting up early every day is his good habit. 每天早起是他的习惯。 Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的运动。 6. Learning English and having English names are both popular in China. They are also important for China’s contact with the world. 学习英语，而且有英文名字在中国很流行。这些对中国和世界的接触也很重要。 contact的用法： contact n. e.g. be in contact with 和...接触， 有联系 They have been in contact with each other for five years. 他们互相保持联系已经有五年了。 She comes into contact with many people. 她和许多人有联系。 contact v. e.g. She contacted me as soon as she arrived. 她一到就和我联系了。 7. On the other hand, some people who come to China choose Chinese names 另一方面，一些人来到中国，也起了中文名字。 on one hand 一方面… on the other hand 另一方面… e.g. On one hand, he is a clever boy; on the other hand, he always makes his mother angry. 一方面，他是个聪明的孩子；可另一方面，他老惹母亲生气。 五.语法知识 1.直接引语（Direct Speech）是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内，例如： Mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can go out and play with your friends.” They said, “We want to have a rest.” 间接引语（Reported Speech，又叫Indirect Speech）即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。上面两个例句变成间接引语应该是： Mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friends. They said they wanted to have a rest. 2.当我们把直接引语变成间接引语时，由于引述动词（said，told等）一般都是过去时形式，因此间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等一般都要做相应的变化。有下面几种情况： 1）现在时间推移到过去时间 所谓现在时间推移到过去时间指一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，现在完成时变成过去完成时。例如： She said, “I am hungry.” －> She said (that) she was hungry. He said, “The family are fighting among themselves.” －> He said (that) the family were fighting among themselves. Tom said, “I have found what’s wrong with the computer.” －> Tom said he had found what was wrong with the computer. 在下列场合，尽管陈述动词为过去时形式，间接引语中的动词时态却不必改变，即： a） 当引述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在习惯工作以及格言等内容时： He said, “The word ‘laser’ is an acronym（首字母缩略词）.” －> He said the word ‘laser’ is an acronym. b）当动词所表示的状态或动作在引述时仍在继续时： “I’m forty,” he said. －> He said he is forty. c） 当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时： He said, “It must be pretty late. I really must go.” －> He said it must be pretty late, and he really must go. He said, “You mustn’t smoke in the room.” －> He said I mustn’t smoke in the room. 2）过去时间推移到过去的过去 这里需要注意以下几点： a） 当强调动作或状态先于引述动词时，一般过去时要变成过去完成体。 例如： He said, “I didn’t know you.” －> He said he hadn’t known me. 当“过去的过去”已经不言自明，或者通过其他词汇手段予以体现，或者侧重于强调所转述的事实本身时，一般过去时形式可以不变。例如： Ann said, “She was born in 1981.” －> Ann said she was born in 1981. b）过去进行时可以变成过去完成进行时，也可以不变。例如： Robert said, “I was joking with Mary.” －> Robert said he had been joking with Mary. Robert said he was joking with Mary. c） 过去完成时仍为过去完成时，不需改变。例如： He said, “We hadn’t returned to the store when she came.” －> He said they hadn’t returned to the store when she came. d）时间状语分句中的一般过去式或者过去进行时可以不变。例如： John said, “When I lived in London I often saw Jane.” －> John said when he lived in London he had often seen Jane. John said when he lived in London he often saw Jane. 3）将来时间推移到过去将来时间 最常见的是把表示将来时间的助动词由现在时形式变为过去时形式。例如： He said, “We’re spending next weekend at home.” －> He said they were spending the next weekend at home. She said, “The milk will go off（变质）if you don’t drink it today.” －> She said the milk would go off if I didn’t drink it that day. They said, “We’re going to Hawaii this summer vacation.” －> They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation. 但是，在引述时，如果原话中的动作或者状态属于尚未到来的将来时间， 那么，可以不推移到过去将来时间。例如： He said, “I’ll be waiting for you tomorrow.” －> He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow. 4）人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语的变化 由上面的例子可以看出，当直接引语变成间接引语时，除动词时态变化外，人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等通常也作相应的变化。 a） 人称代词，除引述本人原话外，通常第一