八年级英语Unit 4 How do you get to school 人教版(新目标)知识精讲9页

亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc 亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc 初二英语初二英语 Unit 4 How do you get to school? 人教版（新目标）人教版（新目标） 【本讲教育信息本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 4 How do you get to school? 二. 教学目标： 1. 学会谈论交通工具和距离。 2. 学会合理安排行程，并合理利用交通工具。 3. 学习设计实践调查报告中的问题，并提出解决问题的简单方案。 三. 重点词汇及短语： get to, how far; take a / the bus / subway / train / boat / car, walk, ride a bicycle; bus stop, train / bus / subway /station; minute, kilometer, mile, transportation, calendar; North America, depend on, worry 四. 重点句型： 1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike. How does he get to school? He takes the bus. 2. How long does it take? It takes about forty minutes. 3. Lin Feis home is about 10 kilometers from school. 4. Most students take trains to school, although others also walk or ride their bikes. 5. It depends on where you are. 6. Dont worry. 五. 语法： 1. 对于“how”提问，询问交通方式，及描述不同的交通方式。 2. 对于“how long”提问询问时间长短，及用固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth” 回答或陈述。 3. 对于“how far”提问，询问距离长短，及相应回答。 4. 了解表让步的连词“although”意思及用法。 5. 阅读理解中对出现的定语从句及宾语从句的理解。 6. 阅读理解中理解形容词的比较级的含义。 六. 重点、难点讲解： 1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike. / I walk to school. （1） “how”提问，意为“如何” 、 “怎样” 。此处询问交通方式。表示不同交通方式可 用本课出现一系列动词短语，如：ride a bike, take a bus, drive a car, fly to, take the subway, take a train, take a plane, take a boat / ship, walk to 等。也可用介词短语，如：by bus / bike / car / train / plane （air）/ ship, on foot 等，注：此用法在介词短语前需用动词作句子主语， 如 go / come / get to 等，且 by 后表交通工具的名词前无任何限定词，如冠词 the , a/ an 或 代词 my / his / this / that 等。 例： He takes the bus to school. = He goes / gets to school by bus. 亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc 亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc We decided to go there on feet. = We decided to walk there. How will you go to England? By air, or maybe by train. Im not quite sure. （2）与“how”有关的提问总结如下： How far （询问距离）多远；How long（问时间或长度）多久，多长；How many（问 数量，后跟可数名词复数形式）多少；How much （问不可数名词数量，也可问价格）多 少；How often（问频率）多久一次；How soon（指将来时间，时间长短）多久；How about ? （问同上话题，另一情景如何、怎样后跟名词、代词或动名词，等于 What about ? ）征求对方意见怎样？How do you like? = What do you think of ? （征求对方对 某事物的看法）你认为怎样？ 此外“how”可以引导感叹句，如：How delicious Chinese dishes are! How nice your new scarf is! How fast he runs! 注：引导感叹句时语序为：How + adj. / adv. +主语+谓语！ （3）get to 表“到达” ，同意短语“arrive in / at ”, reach. 注：在副词 home, here, there 前不使用介词 to / in / at 等。 到家：get （back）home, 到那儿：get there 2. It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus. （1）固定句型：It took / takes / will take sb. some time to do sth. 表“做某事花去某人多长时间” ，动词 take 随时态变化，it 为形式主语，真正主语是句 中不定式部分。 “take”指“花费（时间） 。 ” 例：It took the builders about 15 years go finish that big project. It takes me half an hour to get to my office from home every day. Doing homework takes us most of our spare time on schooldays. （2）take 指“带走”时与“bring” （带来）互为反义词。 take sb. to 带某人去某处 例：The early bus takes him to school. （3）短语：take a walk / shower / seat / rest take ones temperature, take medicine 3. Lin Feis home is about 10 kilometers from school. be +距离（away）from“距离多远” 。 4. He has a quick breakfast, then he leaves for school. （1） “have”作“吃（饭） ” 、 “喝（饮料） ”意思。 have breakfast /lunch /supper 注：三餐饭前无限定词。 （2）leave for +目的地，指“离开去往某处” The scientists will leave for Antarctic （南极）next Wednesday. 5. The bus ride takes about 25 minutes. “ride”此处的名词，意为“车程” 。ride 用作动词短语：ride a bike / horse 骑自行车 （骑马） ，ride in a bus / ship 乘公共汽车（船） 6. In other parts of the world, things are different. other: 后常限可数名词复数，意为“其他的，其余的” other: （形容词） “其它的” ，后跟可数名词复数 others: （代词）泛指“他人（物） ” the others: （一定范围中） “其他人（物） ” ，相当于代词 the other: 用于固定短语“one , the other” “（两者中）一个另一个” 亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc 亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc another: （形容词） “另一个” “另一” ，后跟可数名词单数，也可能跟复数， （代词） “另一个” 7. although though “虽然” ， “尽管” ，表让步连词，常引导让步状语从句。注，不可与 but 在一句话中前 后同时使用。 Although / Though he is the youngest, he is the most hard-working student in his class. 8. depend on / upon “依靠，依赖” ，后跟名词、代词或宾语从句，不定式。 例：In China, it depends on where you are. It depends on how to think about it. 对于提问，不能一概回答时，可以用“It depends”来回答，意为“得因情况而论” 。 例： Do you like reading books or reading on the Internet? It depends. Sometimes I like reading books, sometimes I prefer reading on the Internet. 9. In places where there are rivers and lakes, like Hongshanhu and Kaishandao, students usually go to school by beat. （1）此句中“where”引导一个定语从句，修饰表地点的名词“places” 。通常 “who”引导修饰人的定语从句，that 或 which 引导指物的定语从句，whose 指人物关系。 例：She is the girl who played guitar at the party. He showed us an English story book which is bought in the United States. Kate is talking with her art teacher whose painting is on show in the city hall. （2） “like”此处为介词，意为“例如，像” 。注意区分 like 在文中的词性。sound like / be like / look, like 短语中“like”为介词。 10. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus! （1） “than”表比较连词，意为“比” “较之于” ，前需用形容词或副词比较级。 （2）主语“that”指代前文整句话。 11. Dont worry. （1）祈使句否定形式为：Dont + 动词原形。 （2）worry 为动词，worried 为形容词，worry 也可用作名词， “烦恼、担忧” 。 例：Dont be late / careless next time. Dont be nervous. Take it easy. 【【模拟试题模拟试题】】 （答题时间：60 分钟） 一. 词组翻译。 1. 骑车去上学__________2. 坐地铁去上班__________ 3. 步行去公园__________4. 乘公共汽车回家__________ 5. 吃一顿快捷的早餐__________ 6. 出发前往学校__________ 7. 在北美__________8. 依靠，依赖__________ 二. 单项选择。 （ ）1. How are they going to the countryside tomorrow, ______ bike or ____ foot? A. by, byB. on, on C. by, onD. on, by （ ）2. It ______ about two hours to get to the top of the mountain from the foot of the 亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc 亿库教育网 http://www.eku.cc mountain. A. takeB. takes C. getD. gets （ ）3. How ______ is it _______ your school to the Childrens Palace? A. long, toB. for, to C. long, fromD. far, from （ ）4. ______ do you think of my new hair style? Its very nice. A. WhatB. How C. What aboutD. How about （ ）5. I have two pen pals. One is from Canada and goes to school by school bus and ______ is from Britain and gets to school by car. A. otherB. another C. the otherD. others （ ）6. Are you going camping this weekend with your family? That all _____. A. depe