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初三英语Unit 4 What would you do?
【本讲主要内容】
Unit 4 What would you do?
通过本课的学习,我们应该能做下面的事:
1、学会如何面对现实及学生如何提出合理化建议。
2、提高学生听力与口语交际的能力。
3、学会虚拟语气的用法及should用于提建议。
【知识掌握】
【知识点精析】
词汇用法:
1、too…to
意思是“太……而不能……”,例如:
I’m too tired to do well.
我太累了没法做好这件事。
The boy is too young to go to school.
这个男孩年龄太小了,不能上学。
2、confident是形容词,意思是“有信心的,有把握的”,常用搭配为:be confident of sth/ that… 例如:
He feels confident of his victory.
他对胜利有信心。
She is confident of winning the race.
= She is confident that she will win the race.
她确信她赛跑会获胜。
3、be afraid to do/ be afraid of doing / be afraid that /be terrified of的意思是“害怕……”。例如:
I’m afraid to walk alone in the forest.
我不敢一人在森林里走。
I’m afraid of flying in a plane.
我害怕坐飞机。
He was afraid that he would lose face.
他担心丢面子。
4、in front of意思是“在……的前面”,表示“有距离的前面”。例如:
There is a tree in front of the house.
房子前面有一棵树。
in the front of意思是:“在……(范围内)的前面”,例如:
The teacher often stands in the front of the classroom.
老师经常站在教室的前面。
5、want sb to do意思是“希望某人做某事”,例如:
Class, I want you to hand in your report by Friday.
各位同学,报告要在星期五以前交来。
6、think of意思是“想出,想到,想起”,例如:
I can’t think of his phone number.
我想不起他的电话号码。
It makes me sad when I think of my little dog’s death.
当我想起我的小狗的死就很伤心。
7、come up with意思是“想出,找出(答案、计划)”。例如:
You’ve come up with a good idea.
你想出的主意好极了!
8、by accident/ chance意思是“偶然,碰巧”。例如:
I met him by accident/chance in the street that day.
那天,我碰巧在街上遇见了他。
She stepped on my foot by accident/chance.
她无意中踩了我的脚。
9、辨析:find, find out, look for, discover
(1)find指寻找的结果,即“找到”。是非延续性动词。例如:
Where did you find it?
你是在哪里找到它的?
(2)find out指“发现,查明,了解”,表示经过观察、调查把某事、某物查出、搞清楚,多用于复杂而不易直接查出的情况。例如:
I’ll try to find out who did this?
我要设法弄清楚这是谁干的。
(3)look for作“寻找”解时,指寻找的动作和过程,是延续性动词。
I’m looking for a place for you to stay.
我正在给你找住的地方。
(4)discover多指通过实验、调查、勘探等“发现、找到”未被发掘或认识的事物。例如:
Columbus discovered America.
哥伦布发现了美洲。
10、辨析:alone, lonely
alone表示“独自一人(或仅几个人)”,多作表语;作后置定语时,表示“只有,仅仅”的意思。例如:
The man lives alone. 那位老人自己一个人住。
lonely既可以作定语也可以作表语;作定语时意思是“孤独的,偏僻的,荒凉的”;作表语时表示“寂寞的,孤单的”。例如:
When his family moved, Mark was lonely until he made new friends.
马克一家搬家后,在没有交上新朋友前他一直很寂寞。
11、Why dont you …?是用来提出邀请、建议或对某人不愿做某事时提出的反问。它并不表示怀疑,而是有肯定的意义。在口语中,常常省略主语和谓语,只有“Why not +动词原形?”。例如:
Why dont you go to Beijing with your parents?
你为什么不和父母去北京呢?
Its too not today. Why not have a swim in the river?
今天天气太热了。为什么不去河里游泳呢?
12、permission是permit的名词形式,意思是“许可,允许”。without permission意思是“在没经许可下”。
语法的重点难点:
(一)if 的用法
1、虚拟语气:
句子假设的情况如果是完全不存在的(与现在或过去的事实相反),或者实现的可能性很小(与将来的事实可能相反),这种句子叫做虚拟条件句,它的谓语动词用虚拟语气。
(1)if 引导的是非真实的条件句,表示“非真实的事情及情况”,这种事情很可能不会发生,只是想象中的当前的情况,以及并未发生的事情。表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实,即表示与事实相反的情况。其结构是:
在从句中用动词过去时,在主句中用条件式:would+动词原形
(If+ subject+ V.(ed) …,subject+ would +do …)
If I were you, I would do it at once.
如果我是你的话,我会马上做这件事。
If we had longer holidays, we would be perfectly happy.
如果我们的假期再长一些,我们会相当愉快。
(2)if从句和主句都可以放在句子的开头。例如:
If I had the time, I would watch TV for 10 hours a day.
如果我有时间,我会一天看十个小时的电视。
If you could go there with us, Ann would be very happy.
如果你能和我们一起去,安将会十分高兴。
(3)在if之后,常用were而不用was,尤其是在正式文体中和“If I were you,…”这个句子中。例如:
If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie.
如果我是你的话,我将穿衬衣、打领带。
If I were Bill Gates, I would give millions of money to the charities.
如果我是比尔盖茨的话,我会把上百万的钱捐献给慈善机构。
If I were the headmaster, I would allow students to wear their own clothes.
如果我是校长的话,我会允许学生穿他们自己的衣服到学校。
2、引导真实的条件状语从句,其结构是:
在从句中用动词现在时,在主句中用将来式:will+动词原形。例如:
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go for a picnic.
如果明天不下雨,我们将去野餐。
If he gets home early this evening, he will cook for us.
如果他今晚回来早,他将为我们做饭。
If I am free this weekend, I will play basketball with my friends.
如果这个周末我有空,我将和朋友一起去打篮球。
3、If在下面句子里的意思是“是否”,引导宾语从句。例如:
He doesn’t know if he should bring a present.
他不知道是否应该带礼物。
4、What if用来表示询问或提建议。意思是“如果……怎么办?”例如:
What if aliens should invade the earth?
如果外星人侵略怎么办?
What if everyone else brings a present?
如果其他人都带礼物该怎么办?
What if I don’t know anyone?
如果我谁都不认识该怎么办?
(二)would rather do… than 的用法
(1)would rather do…than…=had rather do…than…是固定用法,意为“宁可……(也)不愿,与其……不如……”通常简写为’d rather do。
(2)在would rather…than…这个结构中,必须注意前项和后项的对称,即than所连的词必须与前面的词项在词性和结构上相一致。例如:
I’d rather have the red one than the green one.
我宁愿买这个红色的,而不是那个绿色的。
He’d rather play than work.
他宁愿玩耍而不愿学习。
You would also rather stay at home and read a book than go to a party.
你也会宁愿呆在家里读书而不愿去参加聚会。
功能用语及拓展:本单元涉及的功能用语有:
1、Talk about how to solve the problems in the daily life
<1>语言环境:当谈论生活方面的困难和提建议时,使用这类功能用语。
<2>主要句型:
Target language:
What would you do if you had a million dollars?
If I were you, I would give it to medical research.
give it to charities, buy snacks, put it in the bank, buy a big house, travel around the world, etc.
What if I don’t know anyone?
<3>典型句型:
What would you do if you had a million dollars?
I’d give it to medical research.
If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie.
If I were you, I’d take a small present.
典型的提建议的句型:
1、Why don’t you do sth.? 2、Why not do sth.?
3、What about doing sth.? 4、How about doing sth.?
5、You should do sth. 6、You could do sth.
7、You had better do sth. 8、If I were you, I would …
【考点突破】
【考点指要】
(一)If的使用:
(1)if 引导的是非真实的条件句,表示“非真实的事情及情况”,这种事情很可能不会发生,只是想象中的当前的情况,以及并未发生的事情。表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实,即表示与事实相反的情况。其结构是:
在从句中用动词过去时,在主句中用条件式:would+动词原形
(If+ subject+ V.(ed) …,subject+ would +do …)
(2)引导真实的条件状语从句,其结构是:
在从句中用动词现在时,在主句中用将来式:will+动词原形。
(3)If在句子里的意思是“是否”,引导宾语从句。
例1. Frank ______ a film if he is free next Saturday.
A. see B. saw C. has been D. will see
(2005北京市中考试卷)
答案选D。
例2. _______ you have finished your homework, it doesn’t mean you can watch TV now.
A. Because B. Although C. If D. Before
(2005北京市东城区英语中考模拟试卷)
答案选B。
例3. If it ________ rain, I’ll go.
A. doesn’t B. won’t C. don’t D. isn’t
(2005北京市东城区英语中考模拟试卷)
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