九年级英语Unit 11、Unit 12 复习人教版(新目标)知识精讲11页

用心爱心专心 初三初三英语英语 Unit 11、、Unit 12 复习复习人教版（新目标）人教版（新目标） 【本讲教育信息本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 11、Unit 12 复习 Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 语言功能： 礼貌问路及回答。 重点句型： 1. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? Do you know where I can exchange money? 2. Theres a bank on the second floor. Take Turn right. The bank is next to the bookstore. 重点语法： 宾语从句宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的概念 宾语是句子的重要成分之一，在多数情况下，是由名词性的词类充当的。如果宾语部 分是由一个句子充当的话，则被称为宾语从句。我们以前学过的间接引语实质上就是宾语 从句。如：Mary said that she was going to visit Hong Kong.（that 引导的宾语从句） 宾语从句三件事，时态语序连接词； 主从时态要一致，陈述语序才合适； 一般问句做从句，连接词 if 别忘记； 特殊问句做宾从，特殊问词莫漏掉。 2. 宾语从句的三要素时态、语序、连接词 （1）时态：主句和从句的时态要呼应。即 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态；如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态； e.g. Were sorry to hear that your mother is ill.（主句是一般现在时，从句一般现在时） 如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能用过去的某种时态如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、 过去完成时、过去将来时等） ； e.g. Mr. Black didnt know why Jenny was late again. （主句是一般过去时，从句一般过去时） 。 如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，其谓语动词则用一般现在时。 e.g. The teacher told us that the moon travels round the earth. （2）语序：不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语序语序：不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语序。即：从句的连接词后是主 语、谓语、宾语的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 e.g. She asked who is the boss of this store.（连接词做主语+系表结构） （3）连接词：宾语从句是陈述句陈述句时，连接词用 that； 用心爱心专心 宾语从句是一般疑问句一般疑问句时，连接词用 if 或 whether； 宾语从句是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时，连接词直接用特殊疑问词做引导词，后面变为陈述语序特殊疑问词做引导词，后面变为陈述语序， 如 who, what, why, where, whose 等。具体类型，在下文详细讲述。 3. 宾语从句的类型 （1）由 that 引导的宾语从句，从句为陈述句，注意时态要保持一致。 （2）由 if, whether 引导的宾语从句，要注意时态的一致以及陈述语序。if, whether 的 意思是“是否” ，用来引导一般疑问句变成的宾语从句。 e. g. I want to know whether（if）you can repair the recorder or not. 不知道你是否能修理录音机？ （3）由 who, what, how, which, whose, where, when, why 等引导的宾语从句，特殊疑问 词作为引导词，没有疑问的作用，但本身的意思不变。要注意时态的一致和陈述语序。 e. g. The reporter will tell us what he saw and heard in Japan. e. g. Do you know where the Great Pyramid is? Unit 12 Youre supposed to shake hands 语言功能： 从听说读三方面熟悉各不同国家的礼仪风俗。通过对话练习，进一步巩固所熟知的风 俗，达到掌握运用的目的。本单元所体现的各国风俗文化是阅读考题中的重点之一，因此 应加强课外阅读。 通过本单元的学习，熟悉各国不同的礼仪，风俗习惯，了解世界各国文化，在生活中 做个有心人，有礼有节之人。 重点语法： 1 be supposed to 强调礼仪中该做与不该做的 should, Youre supposed to kiss. Youre not supposed to shake hands. 复习 be allowed to do sth. 2. Its rude/ polite 对某事/ 行为做出评判。 重点句型： What are you supposed to do? Youre supposed to Its rude to When were you supposed to arrive? I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but I arrived at 8:00. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear. 1. Customs You are supposed to bow in Korea when they meet for the first time. You should You arent supposed to eat with your hands in the United States. You shouldnt 2. Rules 用心爱心专心 You are allowed to do You are not allowed to do You should be allowed to do You shouldnt be allowed to do 3. Its polite to do Its rude to do 4. I agree. I disagree. I dont agree. 难点解释： 1. Youre supposed to shake hands. be supposed to do 应该做，被期望做 suppose v. 认定；假定 2. but I made some mistakes make a mistake make some mistakes 3. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear should have done这是虚拟语气的一种表达方式，虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主 观的愿望、假想、建议等。 4. Where Im from, were pretty relaxed about time. Where Im from. Where 是副词，此处用法没有先行词， “在，于，或至的地方 ” 。 where 经常引导以 place 为先行词的定语从句 relaxed 松弛的，通常用来修饰人；relaxing 则修饰物 补充阅读：补充阅读： Some Common Manners in the West Table Manners 1）As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin（餐巾）, pick yours up and lay it on your lap. Sometimes a roll of bread is wrapped in it; if so, toke it out and put it on your side plate. 2）The Soup Course Dinner usually begins with soup. The largest spoon at your place is the soup spoon. It will be beside your plate at the right-hand side. 3）The Fish Course If there is a fish course, it will probably follow the soup. There may be a special fork for the fish, or it may be similar to the meat fork. Often it is smaller. 4）The Meat Course The main Course is usually served by the host himself, especially if it is a fowl（鸡禽） or a roast which need to be carved. He will often ask each guest what piece he prefers, and it is quite proper to state your preference as to lean or fat, dark（红肉） or light（白肉）. 5）Using Knife and Fork If you have English and American friends you will notice a few differences in their customs of eating. For the main or meat curse, the English keep the fork in the left hand, point curved downward, and bring the food to the mouth either by sticking the points onto it or in the case of soft vegetables, by placing it firmly on the fork in this position with the knife. Americans carve the meat in the same position, then lay down the knife and taking the fork in the right hand with 用心爱心专心 the point turned up, push it under a small piece of food without the help of the knife and bring it to the mouth right-side-up. 6）Helping Yourself and Refusing If a servant passes food around, he will pass the dish in at your left hand so that you can conveniently serve yourself with your right hand. Never serve yourself while the dish is on your right; it is then the turn of your neighbor on the right. It is polite to take some of everything that is passed to you. But if there is something you may not like, you may quietly say: “No thank you.” 7）Second Helpings The hostess may or may not ask if you would like a second helping, according to the formality of the meal. If she does and you accept it, you should pass your plate to her or to the servant with the knife and fork still lying on it. 8）The Salad Course A salad is eaten with a fork only held in the right hand with points turned up. There is usually a special one for the salad, a little smaller than the meat fork. 9）Bread and Butter Bread is taken in the fingers and laid on the side plate or the edge of the large plate, it is never take with a fork. Butter is taken from the butter dish with the butter knife and placed on the side plate, not on ones bread. 10）Other Things on the Table When there are things on the middle of the table, such as bread, butter, jelly, pickles, nits, candies, you should not take any until the hostess suggested that they be passed. 11）Leaving the Table