七年级英语下Unit3 How do you get to school 知识点.4页

Unit3 How do you get to school? 一、重点句型解析 1. 问交通方式： 三个冠词：表一个：a+辅音音标 , an +元音音标.。表特指：the (1)How do you (usually) get to school ? (2)How does she/Mary go to school? (3)How does he/Dave go to school? (4) How do they/your friends go to school? on foot by bike on my bike by car in a car by bus on a bus by train by plan/ air by boat by subway I walk I ride a bike I drive a /my car I take a / the bus I take a/ the train I take a/ the plan I take a /the boat I take a/ the subway 回答: 并不是所有都用take或者by (1)I /we (always) get / go to school (2)She (usually) gets /goes to school (3)He (often) gets/ goes to school (4)They (sometimes) get/go to school (1) 步行： walk = go+地点+on foot (2)by +交通工具，中间无冠词； by bike , by car, by bus (3) take +a/the+交通工具；take a /the bus (可用plane/train, boat, subway替换bus) (4) on/ in +限定词+交通工具，on a bus, on my bike, in a car = drive a /my car 2. take用法全解 过去式：took 过去分词：taken 现在分词:taking It takes/took sb some time/money to do sth. 花费某人某些时间/金钱去做某事 It took me two hours to do my homework yesterday.昨天我花2小时做家庭作业。 It takes me twenty minutes to get to school/ go to work on foot every morning. 每天早晨我步行 到学校/去上班 要花费二十分钟。 take : 1) 取走，拿走　　2) 吃；喝；服用；吸入　3) 乘，坐，搭（车、船）　 4) 进行；作；为take a walk散步 take/have a shower洗个澡 take a rest休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药 If you dont take / get more exercise youll get fat.你如果不多锻炼就会发胖。 重点区分：take , spend, pay ,cost花费 It took 过去/ takes现在/will take/将来 + sb + some time/money+ to do sth. Sb spend/spent some time/ money on sth某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱 Sb spend/spent some time/ money (in) doing sth. Sb pay /paid some money for sth某人为某物花费多少钱 Sth cost sb some money某物花费某人多少钱 some:一些 It takes me ten yuan to buy this book. I spend a lot of money on books every year. 我每年花许多钱买书。 I spent ten yuan on this book. I spent ten yuan (in) buying this book. I paid ten yuan for this book. This book cost me ten yuan. 3.how long时间多长, how far路程多远,how often多久一次, how soon多久以后 (1)how long表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks )提问。 1)A：How long have you learnt English? 你学英语多长时间了？B：For ten years. 2)A：How long does it take to get to BeiJing from here? 从这里到北京要多长时间?B:At least ten hours. 至少要10个小时。It takes me about two days.大约2天。 表示某东西有多长。A：How long is the river? B：About 500 kilometers千米. (2) how far表示路程多远，对距离的提问，How far is it from A to B? 答语有两种：（1）用长度单位表示 （2）用时间表示 （1） It’s…meters/miles/kilometers(away)有……米/英里/千米（远） （2） It ‘s about ten minutes’ walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。 如：A: How far is it from your home to school? 你家离学校有多远？ B：My house is three miles from school. 我家里学校有三英里 It’s (only) about 10 kilometers (away ) from my home to school. (3)how often多久一次,指每隔多久，主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：once a week, three times a month 等)提问。 注意：大于等于三次：数字+times(次) 1)A：How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次? B: Once/Twice /Three times a week. 一周一次/两次/三次。 (4) how soon 指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。常用“in+时间段”来回答。如： 如：How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来? In an hour. 1 小时以后。 How soon will you arrive in Beijing? In 3 hours.三小时以后。 辨析:how heavy问物体的重量时用, how tall问人或物的高度how old问年龄 ——How heavy is the fish？这条鱼多重？——Its 5 kilograms．5公斤。 ——How tall is the tree？那棵树多高？——More than 5 meters．5米多。 ——How old are you？你多大了？ I am six years old. = I am six-year-old. 辨析:how many和how much 1. how many在句首,名词复数跟着走,一般问句紧相随,其它成分不要丢. how much用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可单独使用。 2．how many的用法：对there be句型中主语的数量如:some, five, only one等提问时,如果主语是可数名词,不管主语是单数还是复数一般都用复数形式提问,因为问话人不知道具体的数量是多少,而且many只能接可数名词复数形式,所以be一定要用are.即用How many+可数名词复数+are there+地点/时间状语?的句型结构. There is a book on the desk. (用how many改为特殊疑问句) How many books are there on the desk? 3.how much多少钱，回答若是中国的货币单位应采用汉语拼音yuan,fen来表示，几角常采用几十分来表示，字母用小写，且不用复数 How much is the eraser?这块橡皮擦多少钱？－Ninety two fen.九角二分。 问多少How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶？ 问重量How much does the pig weigh?这头猪多重？ Eighty kilos.八十公斤。 问计算结果How much/What is three plus one?三加一等于多少？Its four. 二、考点集萃 1.到达get to+地点 =arrive in大/ at 小+地点= reach +地点, 遇到here/ there/ home去介词to ,in ,at get/arrive/reach + here/ there/ home 2. 感谢用语：Thank you/Thanks for (doing) sth。感谢（做）某事。 Thanks for your last e-mail.谢谢你上一封信。 Thank you very much . Thanks a lot . Many thanks. 回答：That’s ok /all right. 不用谢。You are welcome 不客气。 3.ride 作动词，骑（自行车、马等）； 作名词， 旅行，旅程（不可数） He rides his bicycle to the bus station. The bus ride usually takes about 25minutes. 4.think of = think about 认为…以为… 某人觉得…怎么样 What do you think of / about the trip? = How do you like the trip? What does he/Jack think of / about the trip? = How does he/Jack like the trip? 5. stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事情 stop doing sth停下来不做 第三人称单数：stops过去分词：stopped现在进行时：stopping过去式：stopped 6.It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth 对某人来讲做某事是怎样的 For many students , it’s easy to get to school. It’s+感情形容词+of sb to do sth 对某人来讲做某事是怎样的 It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。 7. sb be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 He is afraid to watch horror film. sb be afraid of(doing)sth某人害怕做某事 He is afraid of (watching) horror film.他害怕看恐怕片. be afraid of sb害怕某物或某人 Mary is afraid of her father.玛丽怕她爸爸. 8.between…and…在…和…之间 between the school and the village There is a very big river between their school and the village. 9. There is no bridge= There is not a bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats. There are no bridges. = There are not any bridges. no主要用于名词之前，强调否定其后名词，表示“完全不，根本没有”。 There is no milk in the fridge. 冰箱里没有牛奶。 I have no money. 我没有钱。 10.one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 a 3-day trip 一个3天的旅行 every+可数名词单数，每一… every day/month/year… 每天/月/年 One 11-year-old boy , Liangliang, crosses the river every school day. 11.love to do /doing sth喜欢做某事 I love to play with my classmates. 12.be like sth/sb 像某物或某人一样 He is like a father to me. 13.Tt’s one’s dream to do sth. 做某事是某人的梦想 It’s their dream to have a bridge. It’s