七年级英语Unit 12 Don’t eat in class. 人教新目标版知识精讲13页

用心 爱心 专心 七年级英语七年级英语 Unit 12 Dont eat in class. 人教新目标版人教新目标版 【本讲教育信息本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 12 Dont eat in class. 二. 语言功能 Talk about rules can / cant for permission or not permission. 三. 语言目标 Learn to use positive and negative Imperatives. The usage of modal verbs can and have to. Understand the meaning of some signs. 四. 语言结构 Listen to the teacher. Dont look out of the classroom. Can we wear hats? Yes, you can / No, you cant. You dont have to do your homework right now. 五. 重点词汇 rule, arrive, classroom, dining hall, hallway outside, fight, uniform, sports shoes, have to, gym 六. 重点句型 Dont run in the hallways. Sorry, Ms Clark. I have to be in bed by ten oclock. No parking! Can you go out tonight? No, I cant. 七. Key Points：（重点难点解析） 1. 祈使句 祈使句分肯定及否定两种形式。以动词原形开头的为肯定式，以 Dont 开头的为否定 式。如：Look at the picture.（肯定）Dont look at me.（否定） 为了表达委婉的语气，可在祈使句的开头或末尾加 please。如： Please give me a hand. Dont tell it to anyone else, please. 由以上可知，祈使句为表示命令，请求等的句子。 2. arrive, reach, get 以上三词均可表示“到达、抵达”之意，但用法不同。arrive 后接 at（小地方）或 in（大地方城市、国家）reach 直接连“某地” ，get 加 to 后再接某地。如： I arrived in Beijing yesterday. They reached the Great Wall by bus. How can I get to the TV station? 若要表示“到家/这儿/那儿”时，用 arrive / reach / get 均可。即：arrive / reach / get 用心 爱心 专心 home / here / there 3. in class 和 in the class in class 表示“在上课” ，而 in the class 表示“在班上” 。 Dont talk in class.上课时不要谈话。 There are 40 students in the class.这个班有 40 位学生。 类似的短语还有： at table at the table in hospital in the hospital out of question out of the question in front of in the front of 在进餐 在桌上 （生病等）住院 在医院 毫无疑问 不可能的 在的前面 在的前部 4. have to 和 must must 表示“必须、应该” ，是从主观出发的，同时 must 意味着一种“责任”与“义务” 。如： We must help our parents do some housework. have to“必须” “不得不” ，常表示受外界环境、条件所迫要做的事。如： There is nothing in the fridge. I have to go shopping now. 5. else 其他的 else 表示“其他的，此外” ，常被置于特殊疑问句、不定代词之后。如： Do you have anything else to say? Where else did you do? 6. Ms 女士 英语中表示“先生、女士”的词有 Sir, Madam, Mr, Mrs, Ms, Miss 等。一般地，Mr 指 “先生” ，已婚或未婚，Mrs 指“女士、夫人” ，为已婚妇女。Ms 指“女士” ，指婚姻状态 不明的女士，Miss 指“小组” ，为未婚女士的称呼。 以上称呼后可接“姓氏” （family name） Sir 先生，泛指不认识的男性，或专称或讽刺，Madam 泛指不认识的女性，表示“夫 人、太太” 。Sir 和 Madam 后不能接姓氏名词。 I. 按要求答题。 1. Talk in class.（变成否定祈使句） _____________________________________________________________ 2. We have to listen to the teacher.（变成一般疑问句） _____________________________________________________________ 用心 爱心 专心 3. Can she wear a hat in the class?（给出否定回答） _____________________________________________________________ 4. Dont fight in school.（变成意义与此句相近的句子） _____________________________________________________________ 5. She has a lot of homework to do, so she has to go to bed late.（变成否定句） _____________________________________________________________ II. 用适当的介词填空。 1. Students cant listen ___________ music ___________ the hall ways. 2. Dont be late ___________ school. 3. Look ___________ the photo! Can you think ___________ something? 4. ___________ fact, cooking is ___________ moms. 5. ___________ the afternoon, I helped my sister ___________ her homework. 6. ___________ the evening of October 1st, I went out ___________ a walk ___________ my family. 7. What does your dog ___________? We can help you look ___________ it. 8. What size bowl ___________ noodles would you like to have ___________ your dinner? 9. I get up ___________ eight ___________ the morning ___________ Saturday. 10. Dont play games ___________ the computer any longer. Keys: I. 1. Dont talk in class. 2. Do you have to listen to the teacher? 3. No, she cant. 4. We cant fight in school. / No fighting. 5. She doesnt have a lot of homework, so she doesnt have to go to bed late. II. 1. to, in 2. for 3. at, of 4. In, for 5. In, with 6. On, for, with 7. look like, for 8. of , for 9. at, in, on 10. on 研读教材 1. after 在之后 after school 放学以后after class 下课之后 After you!先请！look after 照顾，照看 the day after tomorrow 后天run after sb 追赶某人 2. Dont go out on school nights. 有课的晚上不要出去。 表示“在晚上”要用 at night；当 night 前有限定词，表示在具体某个晚上时，其前要 用 on。如：on a cold winter night 在一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚；in the night 表示“在夜间” 。 3. too many rules too many 后接复数的可数名词表示“太多的” 。如：too many books, too many films. 用心 爱心 专心 too much 后接不可数名词。如：too much homework, much too“太，非常，极了” 之意，后接形容词或副词。如：The TV show is much too boring. 4. I have to be in bed by ten oclock. 十点之前我得睡觉。 in bed 躺在床上，by 等于：not later than（不迟于，到时为止）如：Shes ill in bed. We can finish our work by tomorrow. 5. No talking!禁止谈话 原则上，no 可用来否定名词或动名词（V-ing）表示“不要，没有” 。如： Theres no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。 No photos! 禁止拍照。 No swimming!禁止游泳。 “no + n”可转换成“not a / an / any +n”的形式。如： She has no time to play.（She does not have any time to play.） 迁移拓展 1. We often see the sign in museums. It means ____________. A. No photosB. No fishing C. No smokingD. No swimming 解析：解析：此题考查对常见公共标牌的辨认能力，图中所画的是一种相机，被斜线划过， 意思是禁止拍照。选 A。 2. “____________ take off your coat, Kate. Its cold today.” “OK.” A. DontB. CantC. Youd betterD. Please 解析：解析：从 take off 和 cold 看，选项 C、D 可排除掉。祈使句的否定式以 Dont 打头。选 A。 3. There is some milk in the glass.（改为否定句） There _______________ milk in the glass. 解析：解析：变否定句，先看句中有无 be，助动词或情态动词，若有，只需在其后加 not。 本句中有 is，所以第一个空用 is not 的缩略式 isnt，否定句用 any。本题答案为：isnt any。 4. Where can you see this notice EVERY THING HALF - PRICE ? ______________________________. A. In a bankB. In a school C. In a theatreD. In a shop 解析：解析：题中的 notice 内容是“每样东西半价销售”这样的告示在 bank, school, theatre 等场所很少被看见，所以答案选 D。 用心 爱心 专心 5. The following are all traffic signs except __________________. A. P B. C. D. 解析：解析：选 C。选项 A 表示 No parking.选项 B 表示 No turning left，选项 D 表示 Turn right，均为交通指示图示，C 表示 No smoking. 6. By the way, I have her e-mail address.（改为一般疑问句） By the way, _____________ you ___________ her e-mail address? 解析：解析：have“有” ，它的一般疑问句是 Do you have a computer？依据题中所设空格，可 知答案为 do, have。 7. Mr Green always ____________ weekends playing with his children. A. spendsB. takesC. costs 解