七年级英语Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation 人教新目标版知识精讲7217415页

七年级英语Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 人教新目标版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? （一）语言功能 Talk about past events Exchange the seeing, hearings and feelings on vacation with others （二）语言目标 Learn to use was, were The general questions of the Simple Past Tense and the responses Learn to write diaries in English. （三）语言结构 What, Where, how questions Continue to learn the past forms of regular and irregular verbs. Did he/ she/ you/ they…? Yes, … did. （No, … didn’t） （四）重点词汇 felt, museum, stayed, were, summer camp expensive, awful, crowded, delicious, fantastic, be lost, all day （五）重点句型 How was the weather? It was sunny. How were the people? They were friendly. Did you feel happy? Yes, I did.（No, I didn’t.） （六）语法解析 英语中的动词分类 要学好English，理解掌握动词的意义和作用非常重要。 首先，动词有第三人称单数、原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、不定式等不同的形式变化，用法上各司其职。另外动词家族通常也划分成四个类别。 （1）行为动词。多表示动作、行为，有及物与不及物动词（vt与vi）之分，其作用特征是能够独立充当谓语。如： We played happily. （vi）They are playing tennis.（vt） （2）连系动词。表 示事物的特征、状态变化的过程等。可组成一类句子，名叫“主+系+表”，可将其归为三类。 ①表示状态的，如be（是），seem, stay, keep等。如： We are in Grade 7. ②表示对事物的分析过程，可译为“……起来”。像feel, look, sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来）等。如： The meat tastes good. ③表示变化的，有“变得”之意。如：become, turn, grow, get, go, come等。如： Soon the man grew angry. （3）助动词。常用的有do, be, have/ has, will/ shall等词，它们无词义，要依靠主要动词，在句中起的作用是： ①帮助构成疑问句。如： Does he live in a big city? ②帮助构成否定关系。如： We do not go to school on Sunday. ③表示时态关系。如： We are studying English. ④表示语态关系。如： The e-mail was written by him. （4）情态动词。这类动词另有一定的词义，但也要依赖于主要的动词而存在，它们没有人称及数的变化，它们是can, may, must, need, ought to, dare, had better等。如： As a student, I must work hard. 练习： I. 单句改错。下列各句中有一处错误，指出并予以纠正。 1. Were you cook dinner for your family last Saturday? __________________________________________ 2.Nancy played violin at the party yesterday evening. __________________________________________ 3. How was the beaches in Hawaii（夏威夷）? __________________________________________ 4. Look! They are play the computer games. __________________________________________ 5. Did you have a great time there? Yes, I was. __________________________________________ Keys: 1. Were Did 2. violin the violin 3. was were 4. play playing 5. was did II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Our train ride to Kunming was __________（relax）. 2. I was unhappy because the people there were _______（friend）. 3. The girl _________ much time __________（watch）TV last term.（上学期） 4. What did they go to the _________（mountain）for? 5. It’s winter now. Many birds are _________（fly）to the south. 6. We always have fun _________（learn）English. 7. That day the weather _________（be not）hot nor cold. 8. She always ________（walk）to school last year because she ________（has）no bike. 9. What day _________（be）it yesterday? _________ you __________（has）a PE class? 10. The bus is too ___________（crowd）. I decide ____________（wait）for the next bus. Keys: 1. relaxing 2. unfriendly 3. didn’t have, to watch 4. mountains 5. flying 6. learning 7. was neither 8. walked, had 9. was, Did, have 10. crowded, to wait （七）疑难解析 1. Where did Tina go on vacation? 蒂娜到哪儿去度假？ She went to the mountains. 她去山中。 where did是一般过去时的特殊疑问句，did是助动词。在一般过去时的句中，在主语之前加did可构成疑问句，在主语之后，动词之前加didn’t可构成否定句，此时谓语动词用原形。 What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做什么啦？ Did you finish the work? 你把工作干完了吗？ 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，经常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week, last year, an hour ago, the other day, just now等。 They had a good time last night. 他们昨晚过得非常愉快。 I worked in Shanghai two years ago. 两年前我在上海工作。 2. —Where did he go on vacation? 他去哪儿度假的？ —He stayed at home. 他呆在家里。 stay at home“呆在家里”是一固定短语，类似的还有：stay in bed“卧床”，be at home“在家”，be at school“在上学”，be at work“在工作”等等。 3. She visited her uncle. 她看望了她叔叔。 I went to the summer camp. 我参加了夏令营。 go to+地点名词，意为“去……地方”。而visit sb. / sp.看望某人/参观某地。如： They will visit the Science Museum. 他们将参观科学博物馆。 Yesterday we went to the Palace Museum. 昨天我去了故宫博物院。 4. What did these people think of their vacation? 人们认为他们的假期过得怎样？ 该句用于表示询问某人对某人或某事的看法、感受。也可以说How did these people like about their vacation? How do you like about China? 你认为中国怎么样？ （= What do you think of China?） 回答时，往往用“Great.”或“It’s interesting.”等表示程度的词。如： —What do you think of this book? 你认为这本书怎样？ —It’s interesting. 很有趣。 5. It was sunny and hot all day. 全天阳光灿烂，天气很热。 all day意为“全天，整天”。类似的还有all night整夜，all week整周，all year整年等。还可以说：all day and all night整日整夜的；日日夜夜。如： He didn’t go to sleep all night. 他一整夜都没睡觉。 all着重“整体”，指各个个体或各个部分组成的“全部的、所有的整体”。修饰可数名词复数时，指所有的数量；修饰不可数名词时，指整个范围或全部数量。位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词、基数词的前面。如： I stayed at home all that afternoon. 整个下午我都呆在家里。 all所有的，全部，都 （1）all表示人或物为三个或三个以上，在句中常被置于be动词后。如： They were all interesting places. 无be动词时，常被放在行为动词前。如： We all had great fun in the park. （2）all可修饰限定名词，其词序如下： ①all + n. all day and all night整天整夜 ②all +限定词（my, the, that…）+n. all my classmates我所有的同学 ③all of +限定词+n. all of the places所有这些地方 all of his homework所有他的家庭作业 whole着重“完整的整体”。指完整无缺的统一体，不可分割，一点不缺，一个不少，没有丝毫减少或遗漏。如： Nature is a whole. 自然界是个统一体。 the whole family, the whole day whole要放在指示代词、物主代词等之后。 6. We had great fun playing in the water. 我们在水中玩得很愉快。 have fun doing sth. 意为“……过得很愉快”，与have a good time同义，也相当于enjoy oneself。如： We’re going to have fun learning and speaking English this term. 7. I found a small boy crying in the corner. 汉意为：我发现一小男孩在拐角处哭着。 （1）found是find的过去式，该句型为：find sb. doing sth.，意为“发现某人正在干某事”。doing sth.是现在分词作宾语补足语。如： He found a dog lying at the gate. 他发现门口躺着一条狗。 （2）in the corner指“在……的角落里”。 而指外角的顶