七年级英语Unit 12Don’t eat in class. 人教新目标版知识精讲7页

初一英语Unit 12 Don’t eat in class. 人教新目标版 【本讲教育信息】 一、教学内容： Unit 12 Don’t eat in class. 【具体教学内容】 （一）语言功能：Talk about rules 谈论规章制度 （二）目标语言： 1. What are the rules at your school? Don’t run in the hallways and don’t arrive late for class. 2. Can we eat in school? We can eat in the dinning hall, but we can’t eat in the classrooms. 3. Can you wear hats in school？ Yes, we can. / No, we can’t. 4. Do you have to wear a uniform at school? Yes, we do. / No, we don’t. 5. What else do you have to do ? We have to clean the classroom. （三）重点单词和词组 1. in class 在课堂上 （反）after class in the class 在班上，在班级上 Don’t look out of the window in class. 课上不要向窗外看。 She is one of the best students in the class. 她是班上最好的学生之一。 2. fight v. 打架，争吵 fight with 和……打架 The two boys fought with each other yesterday. 昨天这两个男孩打了一架。 n. 打架，争吵 There was a fight between the two boys yesterday. 3. wash v. 洗，洗涤 Wash your face clean. 把你的脸洗干净。 I like washing the clothes on Sundays. 我喜欢周日洗衣服。 n. 清洗 have a wash 洗脸（手） 4. arrive late for class 上课迟到 = be late for class arrive at + 小地点名词 arrive in + 大地点名词 arrive home/here /there get to + 地点名词 get home/ there/ here He arrived in Beijing yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午他到的北京。 Did you arrive at school at 6 yesterday? 昨天你6点到的学校吗？ What time did your father get home last night? 你爸爸昨天晚上几点到家？ 5. too many太多 + 可数名词复数 He has too many questions to ask. 他有太多的问题要问。 too much 太多 后面跟不可数名词，也可以作副词词组，修饰动词 Don’t drink too much tea. 不要喝太多的茶。 She talks too much. 她说得太多。 much too 太，非常 修饰形容词，副词，不修饰动词。 It’s much too cold. 天太冷了。 The question is much too difficult. 这个问题太难了。 练一练（1）Mr Green eats ______ meat. So he is _______ heavy. A. too much, much too B. much too, too much C. too much, too much D. much too, much too （2）The watch is _______ expensive . I can’t buy it. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 6. be in bed 在床上，卧床 Don’t read in bed. 不要躺在床上看书。 on the bed 某物在床上 There is a book on the bed. 床上有本书。 7. by ten o’clock 十点钟以前 by 在……之前，不迟于 He has to go to bed by nine o’clock. 他必须在九点前睡觉。 by 乘坐某种交通工具 She goes to school by bus. 她乘公交车上学。 by 通过……方式 They learn a lot by TV. 他们通过电视学到很多东西。 8. hear，listen和sound都有“听”的意思，但三者是有区别的。 Hear“听说”，侧重于“听”的内容 I’m sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了，我很难过。 I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。 Listen“听”，侧重于“听”这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。 The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。 Sound“听起来”，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。 It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。 9. on school nights 在学校的晚上 10. school rules 校规 11. the Children’s Palace 少年宫 12. eat outside 在外面吃饭 13. hang out 闲荡（逛） He doesn’t like hanging out with friends after school. 他不喜欢放学后和朋友闲逛。 （四）重要句型和表达法 一）No talking . 禁止说话！ 用于省略结构，表示“不要，禁止”后加名词或动名词。（相当于否定的祈使句） No photos 请勿拍照 No smoking = Don’t smoke . No parking = Don’t park. 二）祈使句的用法 1. 肯定结构: 1）主语为第二人称的祈使句 Be a polite boy, Tom. Open the door please. 2）主语为除第二人称以外的祈使句: Let + 第一、第三人称代词或名词+动词原形 Let’s go home . Let them go first. Let Mary do it. 2. 否定结构 1）含第二人称主语的祈使句的否定式前加 Don’t Don’t run in the hallway. 2）含第一、三人称主语的祈使句的否定式有两种： Let’s not +动词原形 Let’s not say anything about it. Don’t let +第三人称代词或名词+动词原形 Don’t let them play in the street. 练一练 1. _______( not stand) too close to the animals. It’s too dangerous. 2. _______ late next time. A. Be not B. Don’t be C. Aren’t D. Not to be 三）What else do you have to do ? We have to clean the classroom. 你们还得做什么？ 我们还得打扫教室。 1. else 其他的，只修饰特殊疑问词和不定代词，且位于其后。 other 修饰名词，且置于其前。 Where else did you go last Sunday? 上星期日你去过其它地方吗？ Nothing else, thank you. 不要别的了，谢谢。 What other animals do you like? 2. have to 不得不 有时态、人称和数的变化，指外部环境有要求，多表达客观要求。 must必须无时态、人称和数的变化，着重指说话人带有强烈的要求，多表达主动的意思，出于本人自觉。 I must do my homework now. 我现在必须做作业了。（主动） I have to do my homework now. 我现在不得不做作业了。（被动） I didn’t have to stay at home last night. 昨晚我不必呆在家里。 练一练1. It’s too late . I ______ leave now. A. may B. can C. have to D. will 2. Mr Smith ______ look after his son and daughter because his wife is ill. A. must B. have to C. has to D. doesn’t have to 3. She has to do her homework first. (否定句) She _____ ____ _____ do her homework. 四）And you can’t watch TV after school. I can’t, either. too, also 用于肯定句中，too一般用于句末，also一般用于句中，位于实义动词前，be动词和助动词之后 either 用于否定句，位于句尾 I can speak English, he can speak English, too. I can speak English, he can also speak English. I can’t speak English, he can’t, either. 【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟） 一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示完成句子 1. Don’t stand o______. Come in please. 2. He likes w_____ to school. He thinks it’s good for his health. 3. Go to w_____ your hands, they are too dirty. 4. Don’t f_____ with each other. 5. “No talking” is one of the library r_____. 6. Don’t talk l_____ in the reading room. 7. Do you have to ______(穿) uniform today? 8. These ______(孩子们) are playing games. 9. I can’t _______(会见我的朋友) after school. I have to go home. 10. There are _______(太多) things in her room. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Mary is only four years old, but she can ______( read). 2. _____( arrive not) late for class. 3. Does Tom have to _____( finish )his homework by five? 4. She practices _____( play )the piano every day. 5. The people here are very ______( friend). 三、单项选择。 1. Let’ s _____ our dorm’ s (寝室的) rules。 A. get B. set C. make D. plan 2. — Mom, can I go to play football now? —No, you finish your homework first. A. must B. can C. could D. may 3. Mr. Green will arrive Beijing this afternoon. A. at B. in C. on D. to 4. I to cook now. A. have not B. don’t have C. had not D. didn’t have 5. I smoke here? A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Have to 6. draw on the wall. A. Not B. No C. Doesn’t D. Don’t 7. The visitors our school yesterday morni